A formal education in interior design will typically build upon some form of the design elements and principles outlined below. To see how these elements and principles of interior design are applied to the home design practice, please visit Interior Design Basics.
Elements of Interior Design
Line – A path made by a moving point
Shape – 2-Dimensional object
Form – 3-Dimensional object that occupies space
Color – The part of the visible spectrum observed when light reflects off a surface
Value & Tone – How light or dark an object appears, includes shades and tints of colors
Texture – The tactile feel of a surface or object
Space – The area around, between, and within objects
Principles of Interior Design
Proportion & Scale – The relationship among objects relative to each other such as size or quantity
Balance – How elements are distributed in an area to provide visual weight
Contrast – Emphasizes the differences among elements such as light or dark, big or small
Rhythm & Movement – Creating a sense of direction to naturally guide the viewer’s eye
Emphasis & Dominance – Establishing a focal point
Harmony & Unity – Making all parts of the home work together as a cohesive unit
Variety – The utilization of a wide assortment of differing elements
Pattern & Repetition – The recurring use of elements to create a regular arrangement